1 00:00:03,350 --> 00:00:02,070 hello my name is julianna giacomo with 2 00:00:04,630 --> 00:00:03,360 rutgers university 3 00:00:06,230 --> 00:00:04,640 and i'm going to be discussing the 4 00:00:08,470 --> 00:00:06,240 environment as a driving force in the 5 00:00:11,270 --> 00:00:08,480 co-evolution of paradox and termini 6 00:00:13,030 --> 00:00:11,280 very briefly uh the study begins to 7 00:00:14,709 --> 00:00:13,040 specify the evolutionary factors of 8 00:00:16,630 --> 00:00:14,719 life's earliest proteins capable of 9 00:00:17,590 --> 00:00:16,640 redox reactions which are octa 10 00:00:19,109 --> 00:00:17,600 reductases 11 00:00:20,630 --> 00:00:19,119 these proteins are so diverse it has 12 00:00:21,750 --> 00:00:20,640 only reasonably been determined that 13 00:00:23,910 --> 00:00:21,760 they are polypheletic 14 00:00:26,310 --> 00:00:23,920 where 50 of all metal containing 15 00:00:28,710 --> 00:00:26,320 osteoductases have a single origin 16 00:00:30,150 --> 00:00:28,720 from a protein fold represented by 17 00:00:31,830 --> 00:00:30,160 accident ferrydoxins 18 00:00:33,750 --> 00:00:31,840 therefore the study of the origin of 19 00:00:36,870 --> 00:00:33,760 ferrydoxin serves as a proxy 20 00:00:38,950 --> 00:00:36,880 for the origin of oxo reductases in 21 00:00:39,910 --> 00:00:38,960 order to address this we split paradox 22 00:00:41,990 --> 00:00:39,920 and sequences 23 00:00:43,830 --> 00:00:42,000 from methanic archaea in half and 24 00:00:46,310 --> 00:00:43,840 created phylogenetic trees overlaid with 25 00:00:47,990 --> 00:00:46,320 optimal growth temperature and ph 26 00:00:49,590 --> 00:00:48,000 the real takeaway from this study is 27 00:00:51,189 --> 00:00:49,600 that each half of ferrodoxin likely 28 00:00:53,110 --> 00:00:51,199 co-evolved independently 29 00:00:54,709 --> 00:00:53,120 where temperature was one of the driving 30 00:00:56,950 --> 00:00:54,719 factors for residue change in each 31 00:00:58,790 --> 00:00:56,960 terminus and ph was not 32 00:01:01,029 --> 00:00:58,800 and these factors can therefore be